Chemotherapy for Brain Tumors

نویسنده

  • KINTOMO TAKAKURA
چکیده

悪性腫瘍 に対す る化学療 法の原則 には3通 りの仮定が あ る.第1は 治癒 するためにはすべての腫瘍 細胞が死滅 し,除 去 され なければな らない とす る説,第2は 生体 に は免疫学 的防御機構 が存 在す るか ら,あ る数 まで腫瘍 細 胞 を減 らす ことができれ ば,あ とは生体 の 自然 に備わ っ た防衛能 力で治癒 す ることができる とす る説,そ して第 3は,悪 性腫瘍 細胞を分化す ることがで きれば,た とえ 腫瘍 細胞が存 在 していて も増殖,転 移 によって生体 に悪 影響 を及ぼす ことな く,正 常組織 と平和共存で きるであ ろ うとする仮説 である.残 念 なが ら今 目,こ の仮説のい ずれが正 しいのか,そ の詳細は不明であ る.現 実的 には 悪性腫瘍 細胞 を減 らすためには5種 類 の治療 方 式 が あ る.す なわち,外 科 的な切除,放 射 線治療,化 学療法, 内分泌 治療 と免 疫学的治療であ る.脳 腫 瘍 は他の癌 と比 較 して,特 に臓 器特 異性 が問題にな り,外 科的切除の限 界が明 らかにな ってい る.こ こでは最近の癌 一般の化学 療 法の進 歩を踏 まえて,脳 腫瘍,特 にgliomaの 化学療 法 に関する最近の考 え方を概説 したい と思 うが,初 期治 療(導 入療法期)に お ける化学放射線治療 と,維 持療法 期 におけ る計画的化学療法 とに分けて述 べ る.

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تاریخ انتشار 2006